1. Why does Orwell include detailed passages from Goldstein’s Book in 1984?
To show how the party and brotherhood are different.
2. What three classes of people have always existed?
Upper, Middle, and Lower.
3. In What ways have these three classes changed?
Their names have changed, but their ideas and beliefs are pretty much the same.
4. What is the purpose of war in the world of 1984?
To get supplies to help with other wars and to keep social hierarchy in place; balance of power.
5. What are the two aims of the Party?
To discover what another human being is thinking, and how to kill several hundred million people in a few seconds without warning beforehand.
6. What are the two problems with which the Party is concerned?
One is the total takeover of it’s people, and the other is to try to take over the land that isn’t owned by any of the superpowers.
7. Why do all three superpowers forbid their citizens from
associating with foreigners?
So they can’t interact and see how alike each nation is. This allows them to continue being at war.
8. The governments of the three superpowers are alike in essence even though their forms of government have different names. Identify these similarities and explain why they exist?
They are all alike because if one of them was different, they would get taken over by the other two. Their similarities include: they each want to take complete control over their people, they can do well on their own because of their natural resources, and they each have seperation of the classes.
9.. What is the real "war" fought in each of the three governments? Your answer will explain the party slogan, "War is Peace."
Each government realizes that in order for there to be permanent “peace” they must be at a constant state of war. They keep the people working to allow the government to run smoothly, and they tell the people lies so things don’t always seem as bad.
10. What are the aims of the three groups?
Aim of the high- remain where they are. Aim of the middle- to change places with the high. Aim of the lower- to abolish all distinctions and create a society in which all men shall be equal.
11. What changes in the pattern occurred in the nineteenth century?
The middle class now claims that the government is cruel. Before they looked for equality, but now they only look for inequality.
12. How did socialism change in the twentieth century?
They weren’t looking to establish liberty and equality anymore, but instead to have the government be in absolute control.
13. Why are the rulers in the twentieth century better at maintaining power than earlier tyrants?
Because they brainwashed people and made them afraid to rebel, so it maintained order and they were able to stay in power with no problems.
14. What are the four ways an elite group falls from power?
1- it is conquered from without
2- it governs so inefficiently that the masses are stirred to revolt
3- it allows a strong and discontented Middle Group to come into being.
4- It loses its own self-confidence and willingness to govern.
15. How does the Inner Party make certain it will not fall from power?
They get everyone to believe in Big Brother, and they ration things amongst everyone at a bare minimum rate.
16. How is a person’s class determined in the 1984 world?
By examination taken at the age of 16.
17. What is doublethink and what is its purpose to the ruling class?
It’s the power of holding two contradictory beliefs in one’s mind simultaneously and accepting both of them. It allows them to erase history.
18. Why is the mutability of the past important to the ruling class?
So history won’t have a chance of repeating itself and they are in control because they tell the people what really happened in history, and make it whatever they want so long as it actually happened.
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